Using a Health Savings Account to Build Retirement Savings

Health Savings Accounts are an excellent way toolder spouse's name. This will allow you to capitalize
build a second retirement account. These tax-favoredon the expanded HSA contribution limits for people in
accounts, which have only been available sincethis age range and maximize your HSA contributions.
January of 2004, can be opened by anyone with aOnce that person turns 65 and is no longer eligible to
qualifying high-deductible health insurance plan. Oncecontribute to their HSA, you can open another health
you open an HSA account, you can placesavings account in the younger spouse's name.
tax-deductible contributions into it, which growStrategies to Maximize your HSA Account Growth
tax-deferred like an IRA. You may withdraw moneyIf your objective is to maximize the growth of your
tax-free to pay for medical expenses at any time.HSA in order to build up additional funds for your
The biggest reason more people don't retire beforeretirement, there are three important strategies you
age 65 is lack of health insurance, and manyshould implement.
Americans reach age 65 woefully unprepared for theStrategy #1: place your money in mutual funds or
medical expenses they'll face once they do retire.other investments that have growth potential.
One of the most important long-term reasons forThough this is riskier than placing your money in an
establishing an HSA is to build up some money forFDIC-insured savings account, it is the only way to
medical expenses incurred during retirement.really take advantage of the tax-deferred growth
Fidelity Investments reports that the average coupleopportunity that an HSA provides.
retiring in 2006 will need $190,000 to cover medicalStrategy #2: delay withdrawals from your account as
expenses during retirement. This assumes lifelong as possible. Though you may withdraw money
expectancies of 15 years for the husband and 20from your HSA tax-free at any time to pay for
years for the wife.qualified medical expenses, you do have the option
HSAs are, without exception, the best way to buildof leaving the money in the HSA so that it continues
up money to pay for medical expenses duringto grow tax-free. As long as you save your receipts,
retirement. You should not contribute any money toyou can make medical withdrawals from your
your traditional IRA, 401 (k), or any other savingsaccount tax-free at any future date to reimburse
account until you have maximized your contributionyourself for medical expenses incurred today.
to your HSA. This is because only health savingsAs an example, let's say a 45 year old couple places
accounts allow you to make withdrawals tax-free to$5,450 per year in their HSA over a period of 20
pay for medical expenses. You can take theseyears, they have $2,000 per year in qualified medical
distributions anytime before or after age 65.expenses, and they get a 12% return on their
Your HSA contributions won't affect your IRA limitsinvestments. If they withdraw the $2,000 from their
-- $3,000 per year or $3,600 for those over 55. It'sHSA each year, they'll have a net contribution of
just another tax-deferred way to save for$3,450 per year into their account, and they'll have
retirement, with the added advantage being that you$248,581 in their account when they begin their
can withdraw funds tax-free if they are used to payretirement years.
for medical expenses.If on the other hand they delay withdrawing that
For early retirees who are healthy, a health savingsmoney, they will have $392,686 in their account at
account can also be a smart option to help lowerage 65. If they choose they can withdraw the
their health insurance costs while they wait for their$40,000 to reimburse themselves tax-free for the
Medicare coverage. The older someone is, the moremedical expenses incurred during that 20 year period,
they can save with an HSA plan. For many people inand still have $352,686 in their account - over
their 50's and 60's who are not yet eligible for$100,000 more than if they had withdrawn the
Medicare, HSAs are by far the most affordablemoney each year.
option.Strategy #3: make the maximum allowable deposit to
Any money you deposit in your health savingsyour HSA at the beginning of each year. Even though
account is 100% tax-deductible, and the money inyou are allowed until April 15 of the following year to
the account grows tax-deferred like an IRA. Formake deposits to your HSA, you should take
2006, the maximum contribution for a single person isadvantage of the tax-free growth in your account
the lesser amount of your deductible or $2,700. Inby funding it as soon as possible. The extra interest
other words, if your deductible is $3,000, you canyou can earn by contributing to your account on
contribute a maximum of $2,700; if your deductible isJanuary 1 of each year rather than the next April 15
$2,000, then that is the maximum. For families,can amount to over $40,000 in a 20 year period, and
maximum is the lesser of $5,450 or the deductible.over $100,000 in 30 years.
If you're 55 and older, you can put in an extra $700Using Your HSA to Pay for Medical Expenses during
catch-up contribution in 2006, $800 in 2007, $900 inRetirement
2008, and an additional $1,000 from 2009 onward.When you enroll in Medicare, you can use your
The contribution limit is indexed to the Consumeraccount to pay Medicare premiums, deductibles,
Price Index (CPI), so it will increase at the rate ofcopays, and coinsurance under any part of Medicare.
inflation each year.If you have retiree health benefits through your
How much you accumulate in your HSA will dependformer employer, you can also use your account to
on how much you contribute each year, the numberpay for your share of retiree medical insurance
of years you contribute, the investment return youpremiums. The one expense you cannot use your
get, and how long you go before withdrawing moneyaccount for is to purchase a Medicare supplemental
from the account. If you regularly fund your HSA,insurance or "Medigap" policy.
and are fortunate enough to be healthy and not useThough Medicare will pay for the majority of health
a lot of medical care, a substantial amount of wealthexpenses during retirement, there many be expenses
can build up in your account.that Medicare will not cover. Nursing home expenses,
Health savings accounts are self-directed, meaningun-conventional treatments for terminal illnesses, and
that you have almost total control over where youproactive health screenings are all examples of
invest your funds. There are numerous banks thatmedical expenses that will not be paid for by
can act as your HSA administrator. Some offer onlyMedicare, but that you can pay for from your HSA.
savings accounts, while others offer mutual funds orLong-term care is assistance with the activities of
access to a full-service brokerage where you maydaily living, such as dressing, bathing, or feeding
place your money in stocks, bonds, mutual funds, oryourself. It can be provided in your home, a
any number of investment vehicles.retirement community, or a nursing home. Long-term
One of the biggest advantages of retirementcare expenses can be paid for using funds from your
accounts like HSAs are that the funds are allowed toHSA, and long-term care insurance can even be paid
grow without being taxed each year. This canfor from the HSA up to the following maximum
dramatically increase your return. For example, if youannual amounts:
are in the 33% tax bracket, you would need a 15%- Age 40 or under: $260
return on a taxable investment to match a- Age 41 to 50: $490
tax-deferred yield of only 10%.- Age 51 to 60: $980
As another example, if you are in a 33% tax bracket- Age 61 to 70: $2,600
and were to invest $5,450 each year in a taxable- Age 71 or over: $3,250
investment that yielded a 15% return, you wouldTo establish a health savings account, you must first
have $312,149 after 20 years. If you put that sameown an HSA-qualified high deductible health insurance
money in a tax-deferred investment vehicle like anplan. Compare HSA plans side by side to determine
HSA, you would have $558,317 - over $240,000the best value to meet your needs. Once you have
more.your high deductible health insurance plan in place, you
Because catch-up contributions are allowed only forcan open your Health Savings Account with the
people age 55 and older, if one or both of you arefinancial institution of your choice.
under age 55 you should establish your HSA in the