Spending Your Retirement Savings - How Much Can You Spend?

Many retirees have an interest-only approach tobig bite out of that $4,179/month. You would be
spending their retirement savings. My ownwiser to spend less in the beginning, so that you
grandfather -- who experienced the Greatcould increase your retirement withdrawals with
Depression as a young adult -- invested his entireinflation.
savings in certificates of deposit (CDs). Even when asIt is easy to calculate the inflation-adjusted
he approached his 90th birthday, he was anxiousexpenditures your retirement savings could sustain. If
about spending more than the interest his CDs couldyou expect to consistently earn at least 4%/year in
generate. So he lived an extremely frugal retirementCDs, but you expect inflation to average 3%, you
lifestyle.are expecting -- roughly -- only about a 1% real
Unfortunately, the yields on CDs have been terriblereturn on your investments per year. Enter
for most of this decade. Yields on 3-month CDs"=PMT(Rate = 0.01/12, Nper = 480, $1,000,000)" into
averaged under 3% for four straight years, inan Excel spreadsheet, and it will return a value of
2002-2005. They briefly rebounded to 5% in 2007,-$2,529, meaning you could withdraw $2,529/month
but they have fallen rapidly in 2008. Living off of CDthe first month, and increase that amount by 3%
interest is a hard way to live.year for 40 years. This approach to retirement
There is a better way to calculate how much of yourspending would smooth out the purchasing power of
savings you can afford to spend. Treat youryour retirement savings over your retirement.
retirement nest egg like a long-term reverseUnfortunately, $2,529/month on a $1 million portfolio
mortgage. Plan on spending the interest -- and someover a 40-year time span isn't too exciting. But that's
of the principal too -- over a period of, say, 40what you may be stuck with if you stick to CDs.
years, or longer if there is a reasonable chance ofWhy loan the banks your money at such a low rate
you living past that. In the first few years, most ofof interest? Why let them keep most of the profits
your spending will come from the interest you earn.from your capital?
In the last few years, most of your spending willSo drop the CDs. And get some TIPS -- that is,
come from the principal. Just like a mortgage.Treasury Inflation-Protected Securities -- for your
To calculate the mortgage-like expenditures yourportfolio. As of Nov. 1, 2008, TIPS boasted a real
retirement savings can sustain, you can use an onlineyield of more than 3%/year. Try plugging
mortgage calculator or Excel's PMT() function. For"=PMT(Rate = 0.03/12, Nper = 480, $1,000,000)" into
example, if you expect to consistently earn at leastan Excel spreadsheet. A portfolio of TIPS
4% interest/year on $1,000,000 invested in CDs overconsistently yielding 3%/year over a 40-year time
40 years (480 months), enter "=PMT(Rate = 0.04/12,frame would support inflation-adjusted retirement
Nper = 480, $1,000,000)" into an Excel spreadsheet.withdrawals of $3,580/month. This is 40% more than
The formula would return -$4,179, meaning your $1the inflation-adjusted withdrawals that the same
million portfolio would let you spend $4,179/month forportfolio, if invested in nominal 4% CDs, and
480 months.assuming a 3% inflation rate, would sustain.
Unfortunately, in 40 years, inflation will likely take a